To fully enjoy an onsen, it's important to follow the rules so that everyone can have a pleasant experience. Below is a summary of general onsen etiquette.
Before Entering the Bath
Avoid bathing after drinking alcohol: This can cause dehydration and other health issues.
Do not use smartphones or cell phones in the changing area: This is generally prohibited to prevent issues like secret photography. Do not use any device with a camera.
Fold your clothes neatly: When you take off your clothes, fold them tidily and place them in the locker or on the shelf. This makes the space pleasant for the next person.
Inside the Bathing Area
Wash with hot water first (kakeyu): Before getting into the tub, pour hot water over your body to rinse off any dirt and get your body used to the water temperature. It’s recommended to start from your feet and work your way up, away from your heart.
Wash your body before entering the tub: The onsen tub is a shared space. Use soap and shampoo to thoroughly wash your body before you get in.
Don't put your towel in the tub: Your towel may have dirt or soap residue on it. Even a clean towel can make other bathers uncomfortable, so avoid putting it in the bath water.
Tie up long hair: Use a hair tie to keep your hair from getting into the bath water.
Be quiet in the tub: Refrain from swimming, diving, or speaking loudly in the tub.
Do not monopolize the washing area: Do not leave your bucket or stool to reserve a washing area when you are not using it.
Return your bucket and stool: After you have finished using them, lightly rinse the bucket and stool and return them to their original place.
Be mindful of the shower: Be careful not to splash water on people around you.
Other
The floor can be slippery due to the onsen's mineral content. Be careful not to run.
If you have a tattoo, some facilities may refuse you entry. Be sure to check in advance or use a tattoo-covering sticker.
After the Bath
Dry your body before returning to the changing area: Lightly wipe yourself dry before leaving the bathing area. This keeps the floor in the changing room from getting wet and makes it more comfortable for others.
Rehydrate: Since you lose fluids during your bath, be sure to drink a glass of water afterward.
By following these rules, you can make your onsen experience more enjoyable for yourself and others.